Bloody Sunday

July 11, 1943, marked the event known as "Bloody Sunday." Partisan units of Ukrainian nationalists, supported by the civilian population, attacked settlements in Volhynia. It was a meticulously planned operation. People were ruthlessly murdered regardless of age or gender (there was talk of the necessity to exterminate all Poles, tracing back seven generations).

Pre-war Volhynia Voivodeship in the Eastern Borderlands was a territory then occupied by the German Third Reich.

The "Bloody Sunday" was the culmination of the Volhynian massacres. On July 11, we observe the National Day of Remembrance for Poles—Victims of the Genocide committed by the OUN and UPA.

This day marked the peak of the Volhynian Massacres. At dawn, UPA units—often with the active support of the local Ukrainian population—simultaneously surrounded and attacked 99 Polish villages in the Kovel, Volodymyr, and Horokhiv counties, as well as parts of the Lutsk county. The civilian population was exterminated, and property was destroyed; villages were burned and belongings looted. Researchers estimate that approximately 8,000 Poles—mostly women, children, and the elderly—may have perished on that single day alone. Poles were killed by bullets, axes, pitchforks, knives, and other implements, often while inside churches during Holy Mass or other religious services.

July 10, 1943, is considered the symbolic date for the genocide in Volhynia; on that day, UPA members tore apart—using horses—Zygmunt Rumel, a representative of the Polish Underground State who had been sent to negotiate with them. Following this atrocity, mass murders of the Polish population began in Volhynia and later in Eastern Lesser Poland. It is estimated that Ukrainian nationalists, supported by the peasantry, attacked Poles living in 4,300 localities. Near destroyed villages and hamlets, nameless mass graves remain, concealing the bodies—often mutilated—of Polish inhabitants of the Kresy.

However, the goal of Ukrainian nationalists was not merely the physical elimination of the Polish community but also the eradication of all traces testifying to the centuries-long Polish presence in the Kresy. Consequently, alongside the acts of genocide, they destroyed Polish cultural assets and monuments and struck at the region's economy by burning Polish settlements to the ground, targeting Catholic churches with particular ferocity.

Between 1943 and 1945, Ukrainian nationalists murdered between 80,000 and 120,000 Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Lesser Poland. It is impossible to determine the precise number of victims.

5 Ways Pulaski Changed the Revolutionary War

1. Saved George Washington’s Life at Brandywine

During the September 1777 Battle of Brandywine, the British launched a flanking attack that threatened to trap the American army and capture George Washington. Pulaski personally led a desperate cavalry charge that halted the British advance, successfully holding off the enemy long enough to allow the Continental Army to retreat. 

2. Built the First Official American Cavalry

When Casimir Pulaski arrived in America, the Continental Army did not have a functional, unified cavalry system. Horsemen were scattered across different state militias, poorly equipped, and used almost exclusively as couriers or scouts rather than a cohesive combat weapon. 

On September 15, 1777, Congress appointed Pulaski as Commander of the Horse with the rank of Brigadier General. This action placed all four existing Continental light dragoon regiments under a single, unified commander for the first time. By standardizing their organizational structure, he laid the permanent institutional foundation for what would eventually become the modern U.S. Army Cavalry.

He wrote the army's very first regulations for cavalry operations. He transitioned horsemen away from passive scouting duties and trained them to act as a decisive force capable of breaking enemy infantry 

lines. His soldiers trained to fight both on horseback and on foot.

He mandated that cavalry units could not be detached for service without the direct order of the Commander-in-Chief (Washington) or a divisional commander, ensuring all horsemen remained under unified authority. 

3. Standardized Training and Weaponry

Pulaski called for the appointment of a "Master of Exercise" to drill officers continuously in specialized cavalry duties.

He banned the American habit of halting to fire pistols from horseback. Instead, he taught riders to charge at full gallop in tight formations, using the physical mass of the horses and lances or sabers to shatter enemy infantry lines.

His troops had to master complex maneuvers, sudden wheeling pivots, and mounting/dismounting at high speeds.

Pulaski introduced the lance to the American military. He argued that a spear-like weapon gave horsemen a reach advantage over British infantry bayonets.

He mandated a saber as the primary weapon, shifting tactics from shooting at a distance to aggressive, close-quarters slashing.

4. Established the Multinational Pulaski Legion 

Frustrated by bureaucratic limitations, Pulaski requested permission from Congress in 1778 to form his own independent corps known as Pulaski's Legion. This highly disciplined, mixed-unit force of cavalry and light infantry served as a rapid-response unit and pioneered early American guerrilla warfare tactics.

5. Turned the Tide of the Southern Theater.

Pulaski and his Legion turned the tide of the Southern Theater by saving Charleston from immediate surrender in May 1779. At a time when the British "Southern Strategy" threatened to completely crush the rebellion in the South, Pulaski's aggressive tactics and refusal to back down injected vital morale into a collapsing American front.

#Pulaski
#RevolutionaryWar

Exile Who Saved Washington's Army

 As America prepares to celebrate its 250th birthday, it is worth remembering one of the American Revolution's most remarkable heroes.

I recently began my journey as a self-published author and would like to share the story of a man whose contributions to American independence deserve far greater recognition.

Casimir Pulaski arrived in America as a political exile from Poland. Within months, he helped save George Washington's army at the Battle of Brandywine and went on to create what became the foundation of the American cavalry.

He fought for two revolutions, on two continents, and ultimately gave his life for American independence.

Yet many Americans have never heard his story.

If America's 250th anniversary inspires you to learn more about the people who helped secure our freedom, I invite you to read:

PULASKI: The Exile Who Saved Washington's Army and Fought for Two Revolutions

Memorial Day 2026

Here are powerful Memorial Day quotes to honor our Fallen Heroes:

“It is foolish and wrong to mourn the men who died. Rather, we should thank God that such men lived.” — Gen. George S. Patton

“Freedom makes a huge requirement of every human being. With freedom comes responsibility.” — Eleanor Roosevelt

“Our debt to the heroic men and valiant women in the service of our country can never be repaid. They have earned our undying gratitude.” — Harry S. Truman

“A nation that does not honor its heroes will not long endure.” — Abraham Lincoln

“Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few.” — Winston Churchill

“I came here, where freedom is being defended, to serve it, and to live or die for it.” — Casimir Pulaski

Let us celebrate the memory of the first Polish American who lost his life fighting for those values, Brigadier General Casimir Pulaski.

Please enjoy the book titled: 'PULASKI: The Exile Who Saved Washington’s Army and Fought for Two Revolutions.' (If you do like it . please drop a good review.)

Oto wymowne cytaty z okazji Dnia Pamięci (Memorial Day), upamiętniające naszych Poległych Bohaterów:

„Głupotą i błędem jest opłakiwać ludzi, którzy zginęli. Winniśmy raczej dziękować Bogu, że tacy ludzie w ogóle żyli”. — Gen. George S. Patton

„Wolność stawia każdemu człowiekowi ogromne wymagania. Wraz z wolnością przychodzi odpowiedzialność”. — Eleanor Roosevelt

„Nasz dług wobec bohaterskich mężczyzn i dzielnych kobiet służących naszemu krajowi nigdy nie zdoła zostać spłacony. Zyskali oni naszą wieczną wdzięczność”. — Harry S. Truman

„Naród, który nie czci swoich bohaterów, nie przetrwa długo”. — Abraham Lincoln

„Nigdy w dziejach ludzkich konfliktów tak wielu nie zawdzięczało tak wiele tak nielicznym”. — Winston Churchill

„Przybyłem tutaj – tam, gdzie broniona jest wolność – aby jej służyć, a także by dla niej żyć lub umrzeć”. — Kazimierz Pułaski

Uczcijmy pamięć pierwszego Polaka-Amerykanina, który oddał życie, walcząc o te wartości – generała brygady Kazimierza Pułaskiego.

Zapraszamy do lektury książki zatytułowanej: PULASKI: The Exile Who Saved Washington’s Army and Fought for Two Revolutions.'

(Jeśli Ci się spodoba, zostaw dobrą recenzję.)

The European Commission plans to ignore President Karol Nawrocki's veto

 TVP's correspondent in Brussels allegedly received information that the European Commission plans to make payments to Poland under SAFE, even if President Karol Nawrocki does not sign the law concerning this program.

It is sufficient for Poland to approve the program and designate a Polish plenipotentiary to sign the agreement.

If that happens the European Commission will officially ignore the Polish law, and constitution, which says that such a huge loan has to be approved by Polish parliament and signed by the President of Polish Republic. That would be the same European Commission that was so concerned with the rule of law in Poland under conservative government. 

- Based on reporting by Dorzeczy.